Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) attenuates collagen-induced arthritis.


No.	Divisions/Titles for Abstract	Details
1	Abstract Title	Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) attenuates collagen-induced arthritis.
2	Abstract Source	Immunol Lett, 124, 102-10.
3	Abstract Author(s)	Cho, M. L., Heo, Y. J., Park, M. K., Oh, H. J., Park, J. S., Woo, Y. J., Ju, J. H., Park, S. H., Kim, H. Y. & Min, J. K.
4	Article Affiliation	The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
5	Abstract	To examine whether grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) which is known to act as an antioxidant has therapeutic effect on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Mice were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of GSPE (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg) or saline. Clinical, histological, and biochemical parameters were assessed. The effects of GSPE on osteoclastogenesis were determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining of the inflamed joints and bone-marrow cells cultured with the receptor activator of nuclear factor B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide were determined using carboxy-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. GSPE treatment significantly attenuated the severity of CIA in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the histology scores for synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion, bone erosion, and the number of TRAP+ osteoclasts. GSPE treatment significantly reduced the numbers of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)- or interleukin 17 (IL-17)-producing cells in the synovial tissue and the spontaneous production of TNF-alpha and IL-17 by splenocytes compared with those in the control mice. The serum levels of type-II-collagen-specific IgG2a and plasma levels of 8-isoprostane in the GSPE-treated mice were significantly lower than those in the control mice. GSPE dose-dependently suppressed osteoclastogenesis in vitro. GSPE significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide production by anti-CD3-monoclonal-antibody-stimulated CD4+ splenocytes. These results indicate that intraperitoneal injection of GSPE attenuated CIA in mice. GSPE may be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
6	Summary	-
7	Article Published Date	2009.
8	Study Type	Invitro.
9	Substances	Grape seed.
10	Diseases	Arthritis.
11	Pharmacological Actions	Treatment of Arthritis.
12	Link	https://goo.gl/Yzqemc