Flavonoids with Potent Antioxidant Activity Found in Young Green Barley Leaves.


No.	Divisions/Titles for Abstract	Details
1	Abstract Title	Flavonoids with Potent Antioxidant Activity Found in Young Green Barley Leaves.
2	Abstract Source	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 60, 6260-6267.
3	Abstract Author(s)	Kamiyama, M. & Shibamoto, T.
4	Article Affiliation	Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.
5	Abstract	Saponarin, a flavonoid(a group of plant metabolites thought to provide health benefits through cell signalling pathways and antioxidant effects) found in young green barley leaves, possesses potent antioxidant(A substance that reduces damage due to oxygen, such as that caused by free radicals) activities, which are determined by its inhibition of malonaldehyde (MA) formation from various lipids oxidized by UV light or Fenton’s reagent(solution of hydrogen peroxide with ferrous iron). Lipids used were squalene, ethyl linoleate, ethyl linolenate, ethyl arachidonate, octadecatetraenoic acid (ODTA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cod liver oil, lecithin I, lecithin II, and blood plasma(The liquid part of the blood and lymphatic fluid, which makes up about half of the volume of blood). The addition of saponarin inhibited the formation of MA from squalene upon UV irradiation at the level of 2 μmol/mL by almost 100%, whereas BHT inhibited its formation by 75% at the same level. Saponarin showed potent antioxidant activity toward fatty acid ethyl esters at levels >100 μg/mL. Saponarin inhibited MA formation in ODTA by 60%, in EPA by 50%, and in DHA by 43% at the level of 15 μmol/mL. Saponarin exhibited strong antioxidant(A substance that reduces damage due to oxygen, such as that caused by free radicals) activities with dose–response levels toward cod liver oil and lipoproteins (lecithins I and II), higher than those of α-tocopherol. A mixture of saponarin/lutonarin (4.5:1, w/w) inhibited MA formation appreciably from all lipids tested with dose response. This mixture exhibited highest effect toward cod liver oil (86%), followed by DHA, lecithin II, blood plasma, EPA, and lecithin I. Supplementation of young green barley leaves containing saponarin should be beneficial to health and may prevent diseases caused by oxidative damage such as various cancers, inflammations, and cardiovascular diseases.
6	Summary	Saponarin, a flavonoid found in young green barley leaves, possesses potent antioxidant activities. Supplementation of young green barley leaves containing saponarin should be beneficial to health and may prevent diseases caused by oxidative damage.
7	Article Published Date	June 9, 2012.
8	Study Type	Review.
9	Substances	Barley leaves.
10	Diseases	Diseases caused by Oxidative damage.
11	Pharmacological Actions	Antioxidant.
12	Link	https://goo.gl/6YUGD5